# 20T Ultra-Pure Water Equipment Process 

 ## I. Raw Water Pretreatment For 20T ultra-pure water equipment, raw water pretreatment is a crucial first step. The sources of raw water are diverse, such as municipal water supply, groundwater, etc. The first step is mechanical filtration, including sand filtration and multi-media filtration. Sand filtration utilizes layers of sand with different particle sizes to remove larger suspended matter in the water, such as sediment and rust. Multi-media filtration further enhances the filtration effect by adding media like anthracite to remove finer particles, reduce the turbidity of the raw water, and protect subsequent treatment units. Next is activated carbon filtration, which has a large number of microporous structures that can effectively adsorb organic matter, residual chlorine, and odors in the water. In industrial production, residual chlorine may corrode equipment, and organic matter may decompose in subsequent processes, affecting the quality of ultra-pure water. This is followed by softening treatment, which uses ion exchange resins to remove calcium and magnesium ions from the water, preventing the formation of scale during heating or membrane separation processes, which could affect the heat transfer efficiency and service life of the equipment. 

 ## II. Reverse Osmosis Treatment The pretreated raw water enters the reverse osmosis system, which is one of the core steps of the entire process. Under pressure, the reverse osmosis membrane allows only water molecules to pass through while almost completely retaining dissolved salts, colloids, bacteria, viruses, and large organic molecules in the water. For a 20T processing capacity, multiple high-performance reverse osmosis membrane modules are required, and their arrangement must be rationally designed to ensure sufficient water production and good desalination effects. During the reverse osmosis process, parameters such as inlet pressure, temperature, flow rate, and recovery rate are strictly controlled to ensure stable system operation, removing approximately 98% - 99% of ions from the water and significantly improving its purity.1

 ## III. Ion Exchange Treatment After reverse osmosis treatment, a small number of ions remain in the water. Ion exchange treatment is used to further remove these ions. Ion exchange resins are divided into cation exchange resins and anion exchange resins, which are used to exchange cations and anions in the water, respectively. By carefully designing the number of layers and height of the ion exchange resin bed, the ion exchange process is ensured to be fully carried out, reducing the ion concentration in the water to extremely low levels and meeting the high-purity requirements of ultra-pure water. 

 ## IV. Ultrafiltration Treatment The ultrafiltration process uses ultrafiltration membranes to remove macromolecular substances, colloids, bacteria, and other impurities from the water. The pore size of ultrafiltration membranes is between that of microfiltration and reverse osmosis, effectively retaining these impurities while allowing small molecules and ions to pass through. This step further improves water quality and ensures the purity of ultra-pure water, which is particularly important for industrial applications sensitive to impurities, such as electronic chip manufacturing. 

 ## V. Terminal Treatment and Storage After ultrafiltration, terminal treatments such as ultraviolet sterilization and microfiltration may be included to further eliminate microorganisms and remove tiny particles. The treated ultra-pure water is stored in specialized water storage tanks made of high-quality materials with smooth interiors and no dead corners to prevent microbial growth and impurity contamination. The entire system is also equipped with comprehensive monitoring and control systems to monitor water quality parameters and equipment operating status in real-time, ensuring that the 20T ultra-pure water equipment continuously and stably produces high-quality ultra-pure water.