Microwave sterilization is the result of the combined action of microwave thermal and biological effects, allowing microwave energy to directly interact with bacteria, rapidly killing them. 3. Non-thermal effects of microwave energy: High-frequency electric fields cause polarization changes in molecular structures, leading to the production of microbial proteins and physiologically active substances. The changes and loss of energy or death play a unique role in sterilization that conventional physical sterilization methods do not possess. 1 Short sterilization time, fast speed, strong penetration ability, uniform internal and external temperatures, energy savings, and excellent sterilization effect. 2 Microwaves have the same non-selective effect on all organisms, capable of killing a variety of microorganisms and pathogens. 3 The combination of microwaves and steam makes the sterilization effect even more effective. 4 Waste sterilization is non-toxic and residue-free. Microwave sterilization can address issues such as limited workspace and small footprint, no high temperatures formed in the surrounding environment, and maintaining cleanliness and hygiene. 5 In a microwave field, cell structures are destroyed, and the balance of substances inside and outside the cell is disrupted, leading to cell death. The sterilization effect can reach 99.99%. 6 It has safe disposal capabilities. It enables rapid deployment and flexible mobilization, breaking through geographical limitations, providing efficient and convenient medical waste disposal services, improving response speed, and offering strong support for airport security under normalized epidemic prevention and control. 7 Microwave sterilization technology does not produce dioxins or foul-smelling gases, protecting employee health and the environment. 4. Microwave sterilization technology does not produce dioxins or odorous gases and does not discharge wastewater.