5-axis CNC machining is a multi-axis subtractive manufacturing process that involves the movement of cutting tools along five directions or axes (X, Y, Z, A, and B). The simultaneous motion of these five axes enables the machine tool to perform high-precision machining on five different sides of a workpiece in a single setup, eliminating the need to reposition the workpiece between operations. This multi-axis coordination capability makes it possible to machine complex geometries, making it particularly suitable for parts with demanding spatial structures and free-form surfaces. The number of CNC axes refers to the number of directions in which a CNC machine can move to produce the desired part.