Petroleum ether is a colorless, transparent liquid with a kerosene-like odor.

It is primarily a mixture of pentane and hexane. It is insoluble in water but soluble in anhydrous ethanol, benzene, chloroform, oils, and most other organic solvents. It is highly flammable and explosive and can react vigorously with oxidizing agents.

It is mainly used as a solvent and in oil processing. It is typically produced by fractionation, hydrogenation, or other methods from platinum-reformed raffinate or straight-run gasoline.

Common boiling point ranges include 30–60°C, 60–90°C, and 90–120°C.