Sodium benzoate (English name: Sodium benzoate), also known as sodium benzoate, is an organic compound and the sodium salt of benzoic acid. Its chemical formula is C7H5O2Na, with a molar mass of 144.10 g/mol and a density of 1.44 g/cm3.^[1] Sodium benzoate appears as white granules or crystalline powder, odorless or with a slight benzoin-like odor. It is highly soluble in water, forming a slightly alkaline solution, slightly soluble in ethanol, and soluble in glycerol and methanol. It absorbs moisture when exposed to air. It precipitates benzoic acid when reacting with acids, produces bubbles when reacting with carbonates, and can also react with bases and vitamin C. Industrially, sodium benzoate is prepared through the benzoic acid method. It is commonly used as a preservative, corrosion inhibitor, etc., and is widely applied in water treatment, food, medicine, and other fields.